BIOFUEL WORLDWIDE STATUS.pdf - makalah biofuel
In view of the forecasted shortages and increasing prices of fossil fuels, climate
change, and the need for new income and employment opportunities in rural areas,
biofuels have taken center stage in policy debates.
The use of biofuels is developing favorably worldwide. Brazil, the United States,
many European countries, and a growing number of countries in Southeast Asia are
now pinning their hopes on biofuels. Brazil and the United States are the largest
producers of ethanol in the world. China, too, has launched a program with a view to using ethanol as a fuel.
The German Federal Government welcomes and supports this development in the
interest of global climate and resource protection and in order to seize the
opportunities for rural development. However, the full potential of biofuels is only now
becoming apparent.
What is now needed for targeted global action is a comprehensive account of the
global options for the use of liquid biofuels. This concerns not only their technological
potential, but also their sustainable economic potential. The German Federal Ministry
of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection (BMELV) therefore commissioned the
Agency for Technical Cooperation (GTZ) to draw up a study on this global potential,
with the research support of the Worldwatch Institute.
The report, Biofuels for Transportation: Global Potential and Implications for
Sustainable Agriculture and Energy in the 21st Century, aims at presenting the
opportunities, but also the limits, of global biofuel production and use in terms of
energy, agricultural, environmental, and rural development aspects, as well as in
economic terms. The report also examines the impact of globally expanded biofuel
production on Germany’s biofuel sector. Finally, the study presents detailed
recommendations for action for decision-makers in politics, industry, and elsewhere.
Central elements of the study include:
• Consolidation of previous German studies and experience;
• Regional studies and workshops in Brazil, China, India, Tanzania, as well as
the United States;
• Global analysis and derivation of recommendations for action; and
• Incorporation of the results into the international debate.
The regional studies (available at www.gtz.de) analyze the current market
usage of liquid biofuels, new technologies, land availability, relevant trade
issues, environmental risks and opportunities, social aspects, and many other
factors. The global study assesses the potential role of biofuels in the future
global energy matrix and in sustainable development. This provides
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2. EXTENDED SUMMARY
2.1 Biofuels: Current Status and Global Potential
The production and use of biofuels have entered a new era of global growth,
experiencing acceleration in both the scale of the industry and the number of
countries involved. Surging investment in biofuel production is being driven by a
variety of factors, including the development of more efficient conversion
technologies, the introduction of strong new government policies, and, primarily, the
rising price of oil. Underlying the commitment of an increasing number of
governments to biofuel development is the desire to find new markets for farmers
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